Triple-junction perovskite--perovskite--silicon solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 24.4%

article

2024

authors
Hu, H. and an X, S. and Li, Y. and Orooji, S. and Singh, R. and Schackmar, F. and Laufer, F. and Jin, Q. and Feeney, T. and Diercks, A. and Gota, F. and Moghadamzadeh, S. and Pan, T. and Rienäcker, M. and Peibst, R. and Nejand, B. Abdollahi and Paetzold, U. W.

journal
Energy Environ. Sci.

doi:10.1039/D3EE03687A

abstract

The recent tremendous progress in monolithic perovskite-based double-junction solar cells is just the start of a new era of ultra-high-efficiency multi-junction photovoltaics. We report on triple-junction perovskite--perovskite--silicon solar cells with a record power conversion efficiency of 24.4%. Optimizing the light management of each perovskite sub-cell ($\sim$1.84 and $\sim$1.52 eV for top and middle cells, respectively), we maximize the current generation up to 11.6 mA cm$-$2. Key to this achievement was our development of a high-performance middle perovskite sub-cell, employing a stable pure-\textgreeka-phase high-quality formamidinium lead iodide perovskite thin film (free of wrinkles, cracks, and pinholes). This enables a high open-circuit voltage of 2.84 V in a triple junction. Non-encapsulated triple-junction devices retain up to 96.6% of their initial efficiency if stored in the dark at 85 °C for 1081 h.