@inproceedings{Vogt2019c,

title = {Boosting PV Module Efficiency Beyond the Efficiency of Its Solar Cells – A Raytracing Study with Daidalos Now Available to the Scientific Community},

author = {M R Vogt and R Witteck and T Gewohn and H Schulte-Huxel and C Schinke and M Köntges and K Bothe and R Brendel},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/EUPVSEC20192019-4BO.11.3},

isbn = {3-936338-60-4},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-10-23},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition},

pages = {795-800},

address = {Marseille, France},

abstract = {Today, the PV module energy conversion efficiency is below the efficiency of the cells prior to module integration. Using optical ray tracing simulations, we show how to increase module efficiencies beyond the efficiency of the solar cells. To achieve this we follow two basic principles: First, we minimize optical losses of the module components by minimizing the absorption in the glass and the encapsulation as well as by introducing multilayer glass ARC coatings that reduce the surface reflection. Second, we exploit the internal reflection at the glass-air interface by using light guiding structures in the cell gaps and as cell connects. This improves the light trapping by reducing the cell front side reflection losses. In our specific example presented in this work, the optimization leads to a module efficiency of 20.9%, which is a 0.1%abs above that of the non-encapsulated cells with an efficiency of 20.8%.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Lim2018,

title = {LID - Free PERC+ Solar Cells with Stable Efficiencies Up to 22.1%},

author = {B Lim and A Merkle and R Peibst and T Dullweber and Y Wang and R Zhou},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/35thEUPVSEC20182018-2BO.3.2},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-09-24},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition},

pages = {359-365},

publisher = {Brussels, Belgium},

abstract = {e evaluate the potential of advanced B-doped Cz-Si with extremely low oxygen concentration ([Oi]) of 2.6 ppma as well as Ga-doped Cz-Si to avoid light-induced degradation (LID) in state-of-the-art bifacial PERC+ solar cells. We compare these materials to current industry standard B-doped Cz-Si with [Oi] between 12 and 16 ppma.. We measure the solar cell efficiency and the lifetime of samples processed in parallel to the solar cells in three important states: as-processed, after illumination at room temperature (degraded), and after illumination at elevated temperature (regenerated). In the as-processed state, the low [Oi] as well as the Ga-doped solar cells yield 0.2%abs to 0.3%abs higher efficiencies than the industrial B-doped Cz-Si. In addition, their efficiency is stable under illumination at room temperature. Furthermore, the measured bulk lifetimes are used as input parameters in a device simulation. Subsequently, we compare the simulated solar cell efficiencies to the measured efficiencies. For the industry standard B-doped Cz-Si, the simulation predicts 0.7%abs loss due to LID, which fits to the experimental result. After regeneration, the device simulation predicts an increase by 0.4%abs compared to the as-processed state, whereas the measured PERC+ efficiency improves only to the as-processed level. We discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Warren2018c,

title = {Operating principles of three-terminal solar cells},

author = {E Warren and M Rienaecker and M Schnabel and M Deceglie and R Peibst and A Tamboli and P Stradins},

editor = {IEEE},

doi = {10.1109/PVSC.2018.8547611},

issn = {0160-8371},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-06-01},

booktitle = {2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC 34th EU PVSEC)},

pages = {2648-2650},

address = {Waikoloa Village, HI, USA},

abstract = {Most tandem solar cells are either two-terminal devices where the subcells are electrically connected in series or four terminal devices where each subcell is operated independently. There are trade-offs between the two integration schemes in terms of ease of fabrication, overall efficiency, and spectral sensitivity. Three-terminal (3T) tandem cells can combine the best aspects of both integration schemes if designed properly. Using a 3T design based on an interdigitated back contact (IBC) Si device with conductive front surface, combined with a wider bandgap III-V top cell, we discuss the operation of three terminal tandems in detail. We present technology computer aided design (TCAD) device physics simulations to describe trends in performance. We show that this type of 3T device can provide a robust operating mechanism to efficiently capture the solar spectrum without the need to current match sub-cells or fabricate complicated metal interconnects between cells.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Knoop2017b,

title = {MATLAB-basiertes Simulationsmodell zur Berechnung der elektrischen Leistungsflüsse im PV-Speichersystem},

author = {M Knoop and M Littwin},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-03-10},

booktitle = {Tagungsband 32. Symposium Photovoltaische Solarenergie},

address = {Bad Staffelstein, Germany},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Lottspeich2015,

title = {Investigation of rear contact resistance of line contacted industrial PERC solar cells},

author = {F Lottspeich and M Müller and M Schuchart and T Dullweber and G Fischer and E Schneiderlöchner},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/EUPVSEC20152015-2DO.3.5},

isbn = {3-936338-39-6},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-14},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {485-488},

address = {Hamburg, Germany},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Werner2015,

title = {Towards ultra-high efficient photovoltaics with perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem devices},

author = {J Werner and S -J Moon and P Löper and A Walter and M Filipic and C -H Weng and L Löfgren and J Bailat and M Topic and M Morales-Masis and R Peibst and R Brendel and S Nicolay and S Wolf and B Niesen and C Ballif},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/EUPVSEC20152015-1AP.1.3},

isbn = {3-936338-39-6},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-09-14},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {6-11},

address = {Hamburg, Germany},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Zielke2014,

title = {Multicrystalline silicon solar cells with efficiencies exceeding 20%},

author = {D Zielke and S Herlufsen and F Werner and J Schmidt},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/EUPVSEC20142014-2CV.4.6},

isbn = {3-936338-34-5},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {1282-1285},

address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Fischer2013,

title = {A simple emitter model for quantum efficiency curves and extracting the emitter saturation current},

author = {B Fischer and J Müller and P P Altermatt},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/28thEUPVSEC2013-2BO.3.4},

isbn = {3-936338-33-7},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {840-845},

address = {Paris, France},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Werner2013,

title = {Aluminum-oxide-based inversion layer solar cells on n-type c-Si},

author = {F Werner and Y Larionova and D Zielke and T Ohrdes and J Schmidt},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/28thEUPVSEC2013-2CO.3.2},

isbn = {3-936338-33-7},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {947-951},

address = {Paris, France},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{McIntosh2013,

title = {An examination of three common assumptions used to simulate recombination in heavily doped silicon},

author = {K R McIntosh and P P Altermatt and T J Ratcliff and K C Fong and L E Black and S C Baker-Finch and M D Abbott},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/28thEUPVSEC2013-2CV.4.9},

isbn = {3-936338-33-7},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {1672-1679},

address = {Paris, France},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wehmeier2013,

title = {Boron-doped PECVD silicon oxides as diffusion sources for simplified high-efficiency solar cell fabrication},

author = {N Wehmeier and G Schraps and H Wagner and B Lim and N -P Harder and P P Altermatt},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/28thEUPVSEC2013-2DV.3.52},

isbn = {3-936338-33-7},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {1980-1984},

address = {Paris, France},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Yang2013,

title = {Analysis of series resistance of industrial crystalline silicon solar cells by numerical simulation and analytical modeling},

author = {Y Yang and G C Xu and K P Zhang and X Zhang and H Shen and P P Altermatt and P J Verlinden and Z Q Feng},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/28thEUPVSEC2013-2CV.3.24},

isbn = {3-936338-33-7},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-09-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

journal = {Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference},

pages = {1558-1561},

address = {Paris, France},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Dastgheib-Shirazi2013,

title = {Towards an optimized emitter for screen printed solar cells},

author = {A Dastgheib-Shirazi and G Micard and H Wagner and M Steyer and P Altermatt and G Hahn},

editor = {IEEE},

doi = {10.1109/PVSC-Vol2.2013.7179243},

isbn = {978-1-4799-0512-6},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-06-16},

booktitle = {2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)},

journal = {Proceedings of the 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference},

pages = {025-031},

address = {Tampa, FL, USA},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{6317897,

title = {Effects of process conditions for the n+-emitter formation in crystalline silicon},

author = {A Dastgheib-Shirazi and M Steyer and G Micard and H Wagner and P Altermatt and G Hahn},

editor = {IEEE},

doi = {10.1109/PVSC.2012.6317897},

issn = {0160-8371},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-06-01},

booktitle = {2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference},

pages = {001584-001589},

address = {Austin, TX, USA},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Eitner2011b,

title = {Thermomechanics of PV Modules Including the Viscoelasticity of EVA},

author = {U Eitner and M Pander and S Kajari-Schröder and M Köntges and H Altenbach},

editor = {WIP},

doi = {10.4229/26thEUPVSEC2011-4EO.3.1},

isbn = {3-936338-27-2},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-09-01},

booktitle = {26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition},

pages = {3267-3269},

address = {Hamburg, Germany},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}